Preparing for Heart Surgery: A Patient’s Complete Guide

1. Understanding Why You Need Heart Surgery

Heart surgery is usually recommended when:

1. Blockages in the coronary arteries restrict blood flow (requiring CABG – Bypass Surgery).
2. Heart valves are damaged or leaking (requiring Valve Repair or Replacement).
3. There are congenital defects or structural abnormalities.
4. Lung conditions like decortication or lobectomy need surgical correction.

The first step in preparation is having an open discussion with your surgeon. Dr. Shridhar ensures patients understand why surgery is necessary, the risks, benefits, and the expected outcomes.

2. Medical Tests Before Surgery

Before heart surgery, doctors run several tests to ensure you’re fit for the procedure. Common tests include:

1. Blood tests – to check overall health.
2. ECG and Echocardiogram – to evaluate heart function.
3. Chest X-ray – to examine lungs and heart size.
4. Angiography – to detect blockages in the arteries.

These tests help your surgical team plan the safest and most effective treatment.

3. Pre-Surgery Lifestyle Adjustments

A few weeks before surgery, patients may be advised to make certain lifestyle changes:

1. Stop smoking and alcohol – to improve lung and heart health.
2. Eat a balanced diet – rich in fruits, vegetables, and lean proteins.
3. Exercise lightly – walking and breathing exercises build strength.
4. Take prescribed medications – like blood thinners, as directed.

Patients with diabetes or hypertension should manage their condition carefully before surgery.

4. Preparing Mentally and Emotionally

It’s normal to feel anxious about heart surgery. Some tips to prepare emotionally:

1. Ask questions and clarify all doubts with your surgeon.
2. Talk to family and friends for emotional support.
3. Practice relaxation techniques such as deep breathing, meditation, or light yoga.
4. Join a support group or speak to someone who has undergone heart surgery.

 A positive mindset plays a huge role in recovery.

5. What to Pack for the Hospital

Being organized reduces stress on the day of surgery. Recommended items include:

1. Comfortable clothes and slippers.
2. Personal care items (toothbrush, soap, hairbrush).
3. A list of medications you currently take.
4. Important medical documents and ID proof.
5. A mobile phone and charger (if permitted).

6. The Day Before Surgery

On the day before surgery:

1. Follow your surgeon’s instructions about eating and drinking.
2. Usually, you may be asked to stop eating or drinking after midnight.
3. Take only the medicines approved by your doctor.
4. Sleep early and stay calm.

7. On the Day of Surgery

When you arrive at the hospital:

1. Nurses will prepare you for surgery (changing clothes, IV line insertion, cleaning chest area).
2. You will meet the anesthesiologist, who explains how anesthesia will be given.
3. Family members can usually meet you before you are shifted to the operation theatre.

8. After Surgery – ICU and Recovery

Immediately after surgery:

1. Patients are shifted to the ICU for close monitoring.
2. A ventilator may be used for a few hours to help with breathing.
3. Pain management and antibiotics will be administered.
4. The surgical team monitors heart rate, oxygen levels, and healing progress.

9. Recovery at Home

Once discharged, proper home care is essential:

1. Take medicines regularly as prescribed.
2. Follow a heart-healthy diet (low salt, low fat, high in vegetables and whole grains).
3. Avoid heavy lifting or strenuous activity for a few weeks.
4. Attend follow-up visits with your surgeon.
5. Report any unusual symptoms (chest pain, fever, swelling in legs) immediately.

10. Long-Term Lifestyle Changes

Successful heart surgery is only the beginning of a healthier life. Long-term habits matter:

1. Quit smoking permanently.
2. Exercise regularly – start with light walking, increase gradually.
3. Manage stress through yoga, meditation, or hobbies.
4. Keep blood pressure, sugar, and cholesterol under control.
5. Get regular health check-ups.